Spanish translation style guide

Style rules and glossary for English-to-Spanish journalism translation, developed from years of professional practice.

506 translated articles analyzed 266 glossary terms NJ journalism, 2022–2025 US Hispanic audience
About this guide

Created by Yuli Delgado & the Spanish Translation News Service

This style guide was developed by Yuli Delgado through her work leading the Spanish Translation News Service (STNS) at the Center for Cooperative Media, Montclair State University. It reflects translation decisions made across hundreds of professionally translated NJ news articles and is designed for newsrooms doing English-to-Spanish journalism translation for US Hispanic audiences.

Y

Yuli Delgado — Spanish Translation News Service

Yuli runs the Spanish Translation News Service at the Center for Cooperative Media, which translates NJ journalism into Spanish for partner newsrooms and communities across the state. The style guide and glossary on this page represent the editorial standards developed through that work.

Methodology

How the glossary was built

The glossary was extracted from the STNS translation archive using a three-phase corpus analysis pipeline. Every term pair reflects a real translation decision made by a professional translator.

📋
720
Articles in the STNS archive
NJ partner newsrooms, 2022–2025
📄
506
Human-verified translations
Reviewed Google Docs, read via Drive API
🔍
3
Analysis phases
Terminology · style patterns · synthesis
📖
266
Glossary terms documented
Ranked by frequency across the corpus

214 articles were not included — older documents no longer accessible via their original Drive links. Only confirmed professionally translated articles from the STNS Airtable base were used. The Hawk translation API applies this glossary to every Spanish machine draft before human review.

What the corpus found

Key patterns across 506 articles

Analyzing the full archive revealed consistent practices — and some interesting differences from written rules. These findings come from how translators actually wrote, not from prescriptive guidelines.

United States

"Estados Unidos" in prose, not "EE. UU."

In running body text, translators consistently wrote "Estados Unidos" or "estadounidense" — not the abbreviated form. "EE. UU." is appropriate for tight contexts (datelines, headlines) but prose prefers the full form.

la Corte Suprema de Estados Unidos
el Departamento de Salud estadounidense
Numbers

"Mil millones" for billions, never "billón"

Translators correctly avoided "billón" (which means a trillion in Spanish) and consistently wrote "mil millones" for 1 billion. Dollar amounts kept the $ sign.

$3,300 millones · $25.5 mil millones
Attribution

"Afirmó" leads, "dijo" varies

The most frequent attribution verb beyond "dijo" was "afirmó." Translators showed good variety: señaló, indicó, explicó, añadió, and sostuvo all appeared regularly.

afirmó · señaló · explicó · añadió
State names

"Nueva Jersey" is universal

Every article used "Nueva Jersey" in body text. Other Spanish-form state names appeared correctly. Publication names (NJ.com, NorthJersey.com) stayed in English.

en Nueva Jersey · en Nueva York
Measurements

US units throughout — no metric conversion

Wages, distances, and temperatures all stayed in US format. This is consistent with the guide's rule: keep US measurements for a US Hispanic audience.

$15.49 por hora · $13.40 por hora
Vocabulary

"Chárter" — Hispanicized spelling

Charter schools appear as "escuelas chárter" (with accent) — a consistent Hispanicization not explicitly in the existing style guide. Worth adding as a rule.

escuelas chárter
Acronyms

Mixed first-use patterns

Acronym expansion on first use was inconsistent. SNAP sometimes appeared with full Spanish expansion; ICE was almost always used as-is. The guide rule exists but practice varied.

ICE · SNAP (formalmente llamado el Programa...)
Immigration terms

"Redadas de ICE" — most frequent phrase

The most frequent domain-specific phrase in the corpus after place names. "Inmigrantes sin estatus legal" was preferred over "indocumentados" in several articles.

redadas de ICE · agentes de ICE
Style rules

Translation rules by category

These rules come from Yuli Delgado's original style guide for the STNS project, based on the RAE, Fundéu, and federal bilingual style standards. The Hawk API applies these rules to every Spanish machine draft before human review.

Quotes
  • Introduce quotes with a colon: El informe señala: "Los resultados..."
  • Capitalize the first word of the quoted text
  • Add a period after quotes ending in ! or ?: "¡Es urgente!".
Numbers & money
  • Numerals for 10 and above; spell out 1–9
  • 1 billion = mil millones (never "billón")
  • 1.3 billion = 1,300 millones (not "1.3 mil millones")
  • Money: US punctuation — $1,276.50
  • Avoid starting a sentence with a numeral
Acronyms (siglas)
  • First use: full Spanish name + (ICE, por sus siglas en inglés)
  • In headings: full name only; expand in body text
  • Proper-noun acronyms with 4+ letters: first letter only — Unesco
  • Subsequent uses: acronym alone, no plural "s"
United States
  • In prose: prefer Estados Unidos or estadounidense
  • In datelines or headlines: EE. UU. (spaces after each period)
  • Never: EEUU, EUA, USA, or EE.UU. (no spaces)
State names
  • Use Spanish forms: Nueva Jersey, Nueva York, Nuevo México, Pensilvania, Oregón, Míchigan, Hawái, Luisiana, Misuri, Misisipi
  • California, Florida, Alaska, Texas: same in Spanish
Grammar rules
  • No Oxford comma before "y" or "o" in lists
  • Never use y/o — use only "o"
  • Prefixes attach directly: expresidente, sociocultural
  • Hyphen before proper nouns/acronyms: anti-Brexit, pro-LGTBQ
Measurements
  • Keep US measurements: feet, miles, pounds, Fahrenheit
  • Do not convert to metric — this is a US Hispanic audience
Attribution verbs
  • Vary "dijo" with: expresó, mencionó, comentó, afirmó, declaró, manifestó, señaló, explicó, añadió, sostuvo
  • "Afirmó" is the most frequent choice in the corpus
Key fixed translations
  • "Humanitarian parole" → permiso humanitario
  • ICE → Servicio de Control de Inmigración y Aduanas
  • ACLU → Unión Estadounidense por las Libertades Civiles
  • GOP → republicano
  • Charter schools → escuelas chárter
Glossary

English → Spanish term glossary

266 term pairs extracted from 506 professionally translated articles. Frequency reflects how many distinct articles used each translation choice. Click any column header to sort.

English term Spanish translation Category Frequency
No terms match your search.

Frequency = number of distinct articles in the corpus where this translation appeared. Terms with frequency ≥ 2 reflect consistent choices across multiple articles and translators.

Guía de Estilo LGBTQIA+

Terminología y consejos de cobertura para comunidades LGBTQIA+

Guía independiente — fuente externa

Manual de Estilo sobre las Comunidades LGBTQIA+

Esta sección es un recurso separado de la guía de estilo de Yuli Delgado que aparece arriba. Fue publicada por la Asociación Nacional de Periodistas Hispanos (NAHJ) con el apoyo de la Asociación Nacional de Periodistas Lesbianas y Gays (NLGJA).

Fuente y atribución — contenido externo

Este manual fue elaborado por NAHJ y NLGJA. No forma parte del corpus de análisis de Yuli Delgado ni del trabajo del Servicio de Traducción al Español (STNS). La guía de Yuli documenta decisiones de traducción reales tomadas a través de cientos de artículos periodísticos de NJ. Esta guía es un documento de referencia separado publicado por NAHJ para periodistas que cubren comunidades LGBTQIA+. Se incluye aquí como recurso complementario.

Fuente original: Manual de Estilo sobre las Comunidades LGBTQIA+ (PDF) — NAHJ, 2023

Orientación general

Consejos para la cobertura de comunidades LGBTQIA+

Terminología

Glosario de términos

105 términos extraídos del manual NAHJ. Busca por término o definición, filtra por letra.

No se encontraron términos.